~~Rv\oi 



7\(p 



/REMEMBER ITS WATERPROOF/ 

MX.M. WW. 

Rig. V. S. Pat. Otff. 



TOXEMENT 

INTEGRAL WATER-PROOFING COMPOUND 
for PORTLAND CEMENT CONSTRUCTION 




TOCH 
BROTHERS 

established 1848 
New York 



TOXEMENT 

(patented) 

INTEGRAL 

WATER-PROOFING 

COMPOUND 

for 

CONCRETE, STUCCO 

CEMENT MORTAR 

Etc. 



Toch Brothers 

Technical and Scientific Paint Makers Since 1848 

320 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK 

Works: Long Island City. N. Y. 

and London, England 






Copyright, Toch Brothers 
1920 






APR -8 i920 
©CI.A585502 



CONCRETE THAT WATER CANNOT 
PENETRATE 




yiKDINAKY concrete contains count- 
J less big and little pores. Dampness 
I penetrates it and disintegration 
I starts. Cold weather freezes the mois- 
1 ture in the pores, the concrete ex- 
/pands, and cracks appear that soon 



grow larger and shorten the life and beauty of 
the structure. 

"K. I. W." Toxement is the ideal integral 
water-proofing compound because it lubricates 
the mix, makes the particles of concrete flow 
together into a dense body that defies pressure 
and withstands the ravages of the elements. 

To insure against dampness } r ou must have 
more than ordinary concrete, cement mortar or 
stucco. You must have walls, foundations and 
floors that are impervious to water. Such con- 
struction means comfortable homes with the 
interior beaut} 7 unmarred by dampness. It 
means factories, loft and office buildings, ele- 
vator and boiler pits, foundations, bridges, 
silos, dams, piers, floors, walls, and other Port- 
land Cement construction that water, even 
under pressure, cannot penetrate. This result 
can be obtained by the use of "R. I. W." Toxe- 
ment (Patented), which is usually used in the 
proportion of two pounds to each bag of neat 
Portland Cement. 

Those interested in the technical reasons why 
a E. I. W." Toxement accomplishes this result, 
are referred to the following pages. 

TECHNICAL PAINT & VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 18 





Pennsylvania Hotel, New York, N. Y. 
McKim, Mead & White, Architect* 

FOUNDATIONS water-proofed with 
*~ "R. I. W." Toxement. Concrete floors 
decorated with "R. I. W." Cement Colors. 
Other "R. I. W." products were fur- 
nished for backing cut stone, damp- 
proofing, enameling bath rooms and ma- 
chinery, etc. 




BROTHE 



"R.I.W." TOXEMENT 

(patented) 
INTEGRAL WATER-PROOFING FOR CONCRETE 

Reduced to its most practical 
porosity and form, the question of the wa ter- 
ras impor- proofing of concrete, or rendering it 
tancp op its impervious to the percolation of 
elimination water, is simply whether or not con- 
crete can be made non-porous, and 
if so, what is the simplest, most effective and cheapest 
method of doing it. 

Heretofore, porosity has been considered primarily 
from the waterproofing standpoint — preventing the pas- 
sage of water through the concrete to the materials or 
space enclosed. The constant cracking, checking, spalling, 
disintegration and discoloration of concrete structures 
have, however, emphasized most emphatically that this is 
but part of the problem. Careful study and investigation 
have disclosed conclusively that such deterioration is 
caused by the entrance into the pores of moisture or 
water laden with acid or alkaline influences which react 
with the free lime always present in the concrete. 

In reinforced concrete, these conditions are even more 
important because, aside from any direct disintegration 
of the concrete itself, the corrosion of the steel has to be 
considered. This is always accompanied by an increase 
in molecular volume and a swelling action sufficiently 
powerful to break the concrete. These fissures permit 
the entrance of further moisture, and a rapidly progres- 
sive disintegration results. 

The vital importance of eliminating porosity has thus 
become increasingly evident as time and experience have 
revealed the possibilities and impossibilities of concrete 
as a structural material. 

If concrete is to be permanent it must be non-porous, 
and its permanence will be directly proportional to its 
non-porosity. 



:CHNICAL PAINT & VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 










Athletic Club of Columbus. Ohio 
Richards, McCarty d- Bulford, Architects 

CONCRETE swimming pool, 30' x 80', 
^ on fifth floor, water-proofed with 
"R. I. W." Toxement. 

"R. I. W." products also supplied for 
structural steel, cut stone work, bonding 
coat for plastering, concrete foundations, 
exterior walls below grade, and enamel 
finish for decorating walls, dining rooms. 



Much study and investigation 
have been carried on to determine 
the true value and relation of the 
various elements which have been 
shown to enter into the problem — 
snch as proportion of aggregates, 
curing and placing — but recent ex- 
haustive experiments have shown emphatically that the 
prime cause of defective concrete, both as regards density 
and strength, is the use of excess mixing water. All 
water which is not absorbed in the hydrolysis of the 
cement, must occupy its volumetric space in the concrete 
while setting, and when it evaporates during the process 
of drying, it must leave a void, or pore. 



DANGER OF 
EXCESS MIX- 
ING WATER 

grading, mixing, 

















' 


\ 














\ 


S 














\ 


















» 








/ 


\ 












^ 


'x^ 










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y\ 


^ 














, 








< 


1 
















^ 




\ 


\ 






" 


\! 


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>-< 


-< GrLl jo,c J. 






l- 2 - 


lln 


.ton.' Cone, 


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c 


-L 












LL^ 





Figure No. 1 

Technologic Paper No. 58 of the Bureau of Standards 
has presented the curve reproduced in figure No. 1, 
showing the effect of excess mixing water on the strength 
(and therefore density) of 1:2:4 concrete, and says: 

"The compressive strength of concrete may be 
reduced by the use of excess mixing water to a 
fractional part of that which it should attain with 
the same materials." 



TECHNICAL PAINT & VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 




Texas Co. Bldg., Houston, Texas 
Warren & Wetmore, Architects 

CONCRETE basement, and sub-base- 
^ ment 23y 2 ft. below grade (3 ft. 
below standing water line), were water- 
proofed with "R. I. W." Toxement. 

All steel work was protected with 
"R. I. W." Tockolith (Pat'd) and Nos. 
110 and 112 "R. I. W." Damp Resisting 
Paint, to prevent rust, corrosion and 
electrolysis. 







R.I.W. TOXEMENT - TOCH BROTHERS 



§ 




















fc. 


°lt 






/ 


eaend 
» t-tSM* 

< /-S ' 

> /-S - 

- /-a • 
» /-«• • 
i /-/ • 


























1 


tI* °* 




4 












%% 


< 








i 




:& 


•• 














f v 




+ 


+^/ 












vo 






J ° 














S> .Jfi tod /»■ "•— ; wr 2io~ 

Water - Ratio ro Vo/vme of Ceme/>r 
Figure No. 2 


/: * X 



Bulletin No. 1 of the Structural Materials Research 
Laboratory, Lewis Institute, Chicago, illustrates forcibly 
the same fact, as is shown in the curve reproduced in 
figure No. 2, based on thousands of experiments, and 
states : 

"With given concrete materials and conditions 
of test, the quantity of mixing water used determines 
the strength of the concrete so long as the mix is of 
a workable plasticity." 

"In certain instances a 1:9 mix is as strong as 
a 1 : 2 mix, depending only on water content." 

"Use the smallest quantity of mixing water that 
will produce a plastic or workable concrete." 



In actual field work, excess water gives rise to 
other defects and troubles. In sloppy mixes, particularly 
if chuted from steep angles, or dumped, the stone sinks 
through the mortar, and segregation and stratification 
occur with accompanying varying strength values and 
consequent tendency to crack. Excess water also causes 
the lighter elements of the cement to float to the surface, 
out of the body of the concrete, where their cementitious 
and void-filling properties would be of value, and produce 
the always troublesome laitance seams. 

There is but one reason for using superfluous mixing 
water, and that is to obtain icorkability, plasticity and 
flowability, and thus lessen the labor and cheapen the 
cost of placing — a temptation that is inevitably ever 
present. It is obvious that in dry mixes friction tends to 
prevent the settlement of the particles into a compact 













■ ^ 



-- 




Bank of Toronto Building, Montreal 
Hoyle & Davis, Architects 

\N investor likes to feel that his money 
■^ is in a safe place. Particularly does 
an investor in a building desire per- 
manence as the chief quality of the 
material used. That's why the Bank of 
Toronto selected "R. I. W." Toxement 
for water-proofing their concrete work 
and No. 49 "R. I. W." Damp Resisting 
Paint for protecting exposed steel work. 







i BROTHERS 



mass or confined spaces without considerable extraneous 
assistance of some sort. 

In the June 12, 1919 issue of the "Engineering News- 
Record/' Messrs. Williams and Davis of the United States 
Bureau of Standards, discussing the experiments con- 
ducted by them, illustrating the pernicious effects of 
excess water, state, however, that: 

"Whatever the brand or quantity of cement, 
whatever the type, whatever the physical condition, 
or quantity of aggregate, flowability of the concrete 
must be considered first and last, as of fundamental 
importance." 



CORRECTION 

OF 

POROSITY 



Flowability is of fundamental 

importance and consequently it is 

quite evident that if flow ability, 

workability and 'plasticity can be 

obtained without the use of excess 

mixing water, both the necessity and 

desire for its use are automatically eliminated, and a 

vast improvement immediately results in the texture and 

strength of the concrete. 

Flowability, workability and plasticity can be ob- 
tained otherwise than through the use of excess mix- 
ing water. These desirable properties can be simply, 
quickly and economicallv obtained through the use of 
k R. I. W." Toxement. 




Slump Tests 



(COMPARATIVE Slump Tests of "Toxemented" and "Non-Toxemented" 
*^ Batches of Concrete Mixed 1 :2 :4. 

The conditions of the test were identical in each instance. The time 
of mixing and the amount of water were exactly the same for each 
batch. 



r 



"S 




Delray Plant 
Detroit Edison Co., Detroit, Mich. 

"T? I. W." Toxement selected for densi- 
*" fying and water-proofing a very 
large concrete tank, part of which is 
below the level of the Detroit River. 
This integral water-proofing compound 
presents an impenetrable barrier to 
water, even under pressure. 







TOXEMENT - TOCH BROTHERS 



"R. I. W." Toxenient is an integral waterproofing 
material possessing pronounced lubricating qualities. It 
is a gray powder, the addition of which to the aggregates 
in an amount equal to 2 per cent, of the Portland Cement 
used, will increase in a remarkable degree the workability, 
plasticity and flowaMlity of the concrete. This lubri- 
cating effect decreases the friction between the particles, 
causes them to settle into a denser mass, enables the 
concrete to slide more easily into confined spaces in the 
forms, decreases the necessity for extreme tamping and 
vertical chuting, and thus reduces porosity. 

Furthermore, for given proportions and time of mix- 
ing a desired plasticity can be obtained with actually 
less mixing water when "R. I. W." Toxenient is used ; 
hence an automatic restriction is placed on the primal 
cause of porosity and weakness. 

As fundamentally important, however, as this lubri- 
cating action is, it is not by any means the sum total 
of the pore-closing and water-proofing effect of "R. I. W." 
Toxement. Other actions occur which are more com- 
plicated. One of the most effective of these can be most 
briefly described as the promotion of the hydration of 
the cement. It is a well known fact that but a small 
part of the cement used is actually hydrated in concrete 
as usually manipulated ; some investigators say not more 
than 25 or 30 per cent. 

These latent elements are, however, capable of hydra- 
tion under the proper circumstances. They hydrate with 
an amorphous texture and have great cementitious value. 
It is obvious that if otherwise excess water can be ab- 
sorbed in this action, the vacant space it would leave on 
evaporation will be filled with solid cementitious ma- 
terial, inherent porosity further reduced, and the quality 
of the concrete improved. Toxement induces this action. 

It will thus be seen that by means of these two effects 
alone, when "R. I. W." Toxement is incorporated in the 
concrete an element has been introduced which conduces 
to the elimination of porosity and the perfection of the 
texture of the concrete through means which are entirely 
normal and in entire accord with the natural functioning 
of the other ingredients. 



TEC 4INT&VARNI Sttii 



f 



"S 







Union 1 Terminal Station, 

Dallas, Texas 

Jar vis Hunt, Architect 

CONCRETE water-proofed with 
^ "R. I. W." Toxement. This material 
water-proofs all the concrete, not merely 
the surface. 

All granite and marble coated with 
No. 110 "Ft. I. W." to prevent stain and 
exclude dampness. 













R.I.W. TOXEMENT - TOCH BROTHERS 



In the addition to concrete, how- 
ever, of any such integral material, 
factors great care should be exercised to 

to be avoid the introduction of any dele- 

avoided terious reactions that might more 

than offset any benefit that would 
.accrue. The following restrictions should certainly 
maintain: 

First — Obviously, the waterproofing must not be 
added in such quantity or manner as to necessitate the 
addition of even more mixing water. The addition of an 
appreciable percent., say 10 to 15, of finely divided inert 
material, would require considerable additional mixing 
water merely to wet it, and this water, not being chemi- 
cally used, would eventually evaporate and leave its space. 

"R. I. W." Toxement is added in the small 
quantity of approximately 2 per cent, of the amount 
of Portland Cement used. 

Second — The addition of an integral water-proofing 
compound should not increase or complicate the condi- 
tions of workmanship. 

"R. I. W." Toxement is a powder. A two pound 
measure full is simply thrown in the mix each time a 
bag of Portland Cement is added. 

Third — The material must not increase the chemical 
susceptibility of the concrete. Tests made by the Bureau 
of Standards have shown that it is the free lime always 
present in concrete that is attacked by acid, saline and 
alkaline influences. If a lubricant containing more lime 
were used, these actions would naturally be increased. 

"R. I. W." Toxement does not increase the 
chemical susceptibility of concrete. 

Fourth — The material must not interfere with the 
proper hydration of the cement through water repellent 
qualities or in any other way. 

"R. I. W." Toxement assists the hydration of 
Portland Cement. 



15 




Bank op New Zealand, 

Suva, Fiji Island 

Architects, Salmond & Vanes, Dunedin, N. Z, 

"rpOXEMENT was used in this bank, 
x and it is pleasing to note that no 
damp has appeared anywhere in the 
building, and there has been no short 
circuiting of bells during the monsoon 
season and the like such as has arisen in 
other concrete buildings where no pro- 
vision was made to prevent the damp 
penetrating." — Excerpt from letter from 
Francis Holmes, Wellington. 






>THEF 



11 



CONCRETE IN SEA WATER 

It is a fact now established beyond question that con- 
crete subject to contact with sea water undergoes disin- 
tegration under certain circumstances. 

Technologic Paper No. 12 of the Bureau of Standards 
on the "Action of the Salts in Alkali Water and Sea 
Water on Cements," states that: 

"Hydraulic cement is readily decomposed if in- 
timately exposed to the chemical action of various 
sulphate and chloride solutions as contained in saline 
and alkaline waters, if the solutions are of sufficient 

strength," 

and also says : 

"The cause of this disintegration is not certain, 
though it is almost universally believed that it is the 
reaction of the sulphate of magnesium of the sea 
water with the lime of the cement (formed during 
setting)." 

It also states that : 

"The most soluble element of the cement is lime," 
and that the action is more vigorous in set cements 
than in unset cements because, 

"In set cements a considerable part of the lime 
has been already hydrated." 



The further statement is made that, 

"Contrary to the opinion of the many, there is 
no apparent relation between the chemical compo- 
sition of a cement and the rapidity with which it 
reacts with sea water." 

These findings have been confirmed by other investi- 
gators and establish that the ultimate cause of disintegra- 
tion of concrete by sea water is the reaction of the sul- 
phate and chloride solutions of the water with the free 
lime present in the concrete. 

Investigation has further disclosed that disintegra- 
tion when it does occur, occurs principally where the con- 
crete is alternately wet and dry, as between the high and 
low water marks; but in some cases, even under these 
conditions, disintegration does not occur. The question 
arising then is; if concrete contains an element, lime, 
which is disastrously affected by elements in sea water, 



TECHNICAL PAINT & VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 



17 





dm 







Topeka (Kansas) "Santa Fe Building" 

A. T. & S. F. Ry. 

E. A. Harrison, Architect 

(CONCRETE foundations and floor top 
*^ dressing water-proofed with "R. I. W." 
Toxement. 

"R. I. W." Liquid Konkerit (Pat'd) 
protects masonry walls above grade. 

"R. I. W." Self-Healing Bridge Cemenl 
was used as a damp course in basement 
floors and on outside of foundation walls. 

No. 110 "R. I. W." was used on cut 
stone to prevent stain and exclude damp- 
ness. 

No. 232 "R. I. W." was applied to in- 
side of all exposed walls to prevent pene- 
tration of dampness and form a bond 
between the plaster and walls. 




R.I.W. TOXEMENT - TOCT THEI 



18 



why does disintegration occur chiefly only where the con- 
crete is alternately wet and dry, and even then does not 
always occur? The answer appears to be comparatively 
simple, and can be summed up in one word — POROSITY. 

It would seem that sea water in its normal condition 
is not sufficiently strong in the sulphate and chloride so- 
lution to start this chemical action. If, however, the 
concrete is porous, each flushing fills the pores and each 
drying out leaves a minute deposit of the salts. This 
process repeated indefinitely, eventually produces a suf- 
ficiently concentrated solution in the pores to produce the 
chemical reaction and accompanying crystallization 
which disrupts the concrete. This action has been found 
to penetrate deep into the concrete — as much as four or 
five feet. 

It is perfectly clear then, that if concrete can be made 
non -porous it will not be subject to this action of con- 
centrated solutions and will therefore be stable in sea 
water. Extensive investigations have confirmed this 
contention. 

"R. I. W. Toxement, by rendering concrete non- 
porous, prevents its disintegration by sea water. 



CEMENT MORTAR AND STUCCO 

What has preceded has referred 
,% r. i. w.» exclusively to the problem of the 

toxement correction of the porosity of concrete 
mortar as mixed and placed under the usual 

paste field conditions. This problem per- 

tains chiefly to the elimination of 
pores of appreciable size caused by friction of the par- 
ticles, pocketing of air and water, or in other words, the 
elimination of permeability. 

In cement mortars, however, the problem is of a 
somewhat different nature. Here we have intimately 
mixed finely particled materials applied under pressure, 
and the porosity becomes practically capillarity, and the 
entrance of water is mainly through absorption. The 
solution of the problem is then to be sought through the 




:- 




ItaBMSJHiH 



Dry Dock No. 4, New York Navy Yard 
{Large Illustration) 

WATER-PROOFED with "R. I. W." 
' v Toxement. Length, 703 ft. ; width 
at top, 130 ft. ; depth from coping to 
bottom, 42 ft. Cost, $2,750,000. 

Dry Dock No. 4, Norfolk Navy Yard 
(Small Illustration) 

Cost approximately $4,500,000. 1,022 ft. 

long inside and will accommodate any 

vessel now afloat or likely to be built 

for some time. 

SPECIFICATIONS required the use of 
° an integral water-proofing compound, 
and "R. I. W." Toxement was selected 
for water-proofing all the concrete, be- 
cause of its known dependability. This 
material has been used successfully for 
water-proofing a number of Government 
dry docks and other concrete construc- 
tion. 



ROTHERS 



80 



% 



correction of absorption. For this purpose, "R. I. W." 
Toxement is put up in paste form, possessing character- 
istics which differ somewhat from those of the powdered 
form, and for the water-proofing of stucco and mortar 
we recommend the use of 3 per cent, of "R. I. W." Toxe- 
ment Mortar Paste in all coats. 

The addition of "R. I. W." Toxement Mortar Paste 
will impart better working quality without the use of 
excess mixing water, and thus increase the strength and 
quality of the cement mortar or stucco. On account of 
the lubricating qualities which this material possesses, 
the addition of lime is not recommended, as the function 
of lime is chiefly to impart plasticity or working quality. 
This effect can be obtained by the use of "R. I. W." 
Toxement Mortar Paste, and in addition the mortar or 
stucco is water-proofed thoroughly. 



No. 421 "R. I. W." ACID-PROOF TOXEMENT 

(Patented) 

This is a special grade of "R. I. W." Toxement, 
usually used in conjunction with "R. I. W." Acid-Proof 
Filler, for acid-proofing and water-proofing concrete 
storage tanks in which oils or acid-solutions are stored; 
bins, floors, walls, foundations and footings, and other 
concrete surfaces. 

Has been used successfully to protect from disintegra- 
tion concrete bins in which nitre cake containing 30% 
free sulphuric acid is stored ; concrete foundations, foot- 
ings, walls and floors of a large chemical plant erected 
on meadow land saturated with water which was found 
to contain Nitric, Hydrochloric and Sulphuric Acids and 
Phenol ; concrete oil tanks of some of the largest oil pro- 
ducing companies, and in chemical plants in which acids 
are spilled on concrete floors. 

Should be used in the proportion of two pounds to 
every bag of neat Portland Cement. 



ORNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 



r 










Residence op Judge W. T. Armstrong, 

Galveston, Texas 

Stowe & Stoice, Architects 



r rOXEMENT was used to water-proof 
x the basement and proved successful 
after several other water-proofings had 
been tried and failed. 

No. 232 "R. I. W." damp-proofs all 
exposed walls, above grade, to which 
plaster was directly applied. 

This home went through the 1915 
storm without a leak in basement or 
through walls above grade. 




R.I.W. TOXEMENT - TOCH BROTHERS 



AMOUNTS OF "R. I. W." TOXEMENT 
REQUIRED PER YARD OF CONCRETE 

The following tables give the approximate amounts 
of "R. 1. W." Toxement required to water-proof one 
cubic yard of rammed concrete. Of the proportions given, 
ranging from a 1 :2 :3 to a 1 :3 :5 mix, not one of them is 
so rich or so lean that the admixture of "R. I. W." 
Toxement Water-proofing Compound will not add to 
the permanence and impermeability of the structure, 
increase the density of the concrete, and render it 
positively water-proof. 









STONE 










(2%' 


' and under.) 






PROPORTIONS OF 


BBLS. OF 


TOXEMENT 


CEMENT 


SAND 


STONE 


CEMENT 


PER CENT. 


POUNDS 


1 


2 


• > 


1.73 


1.5 


11 


1 


• ) 


4 


1.48 


2 


12 


1 


2.5 


5 


1.21 


2.5 


12 


1 


o 

• ) 


5 


1.14 


2.75 


12% 




GRAVEL 








d" 


and under.) 






1 


•) 


;{ 


1.54 


1.5 


10 


1 


'> 


4 


1.34 


') 


11 


1 


2.5 


5 


1.10 


2.5 


11 


1 


3 


5 


1.03 


2.75 


11% 



Materials Required for Laying 100 Square Feet of 
Water-proof Concrete Floor. 

Base:— 1 :2. 5:5 (Standard Mixture) 

Inches thick 2U, 3 3V 2 4 4% 5 

Cu. Yds. Sand 0.40 0.47 0.55 0.G3 0.70 0.78 

Cu. Yds. Stone 0.80 0.94 1.10 1.26 1.40 1.56 

Barrels Cement ... . 1.10 1.30 1.50 1.78 1.99 2.21 

Lbs. Toxement, 2%.. 9 10 12 14 16 18 



TECHNICAL PAINT 6 VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 



r 



WATER-PROOF CEMENT MORTAR 

Materials Required for 100' sq. ft. 



PROPORTIONS OF 


THICKNESS 


BBLS. OF 


rOXEMENT 


CEMENT SAND 


INCHES 


CEMENT 


POUNDS 


1 9 




% 




0.5G 




4% 


1 2 




% 




0.85 




7 


1 2 




1 




1.13 




9 


1 2.5 




% 




0.50 




1 


1 2.5 




% 




0.75 




6 


1 2.5 




1 




1.00 




8 


1 3 




% 




0.45 




4 


1 •> 




% 




0.68 




5 


1 •> 




1 




0.91 




8 


Area Covered by 


One B 


arr 


el of 


neat I 


'ortlai 


d Cemem 


Mixed as Stated in Foil 


owing 


Table 




I 


THICKNESS 












MORTAR SQUARE 




TOXEMENT 


CEMENT SAND 


INCHES 


FEET 


PER CENT. 


POUNDS 


1 2 


% 




204 




2 


8 


1 2 


% 




139 




2 


8 


1 2 


1 




104 




9 


8 


1 2.5 


% 




242 




2 


8 


1 2.5 


% 




163 




2 


8 


1 2.5 


1 




122 




o 


8 


1 3 


% 




280 




2 


8 


1 3 


% 




187 




') 


8 


1 


1 




140 




2 


8 



DIRECTIONS 

A measure of "R. I. W." Toxement, of the amount 
specified in the foregoing tables, should be thrown in 
the mix each time a bag of Portland Cement is added. 

This applies to both machine and hand mixing. 



TECHNICAL PAINT 6. VARNISH MAKERS SINCE 1848 



24 



JBk F ¥ JiT PROTECTIVE 

REMEMBER ITS WATERPROOF * WK'K^ I K— \w ■ I ▼ I— 

jv.jb. rr. PRODUCTS 

«<y. t/. S. />o/. Q^. 

•ILW." Tockolith (Patented) . 

A cement paint for priming coat on steel or other metal 
work. "Different from all other paints." 

44 R. I. W." Damp-Resisting Paints 

For damp-proofing exposed brick walls, stain-proofing 
cut-stone, etc. For priming and finishing coats on all 
classes of steel work and metal surfaces. A grade for 
each purpose. 

"R. I. W." Cement Filler and Cement Floor 

Paint (Patented) 

A cement-paint combination that absolutely prevents 
dusting and disintegration. Twelve standard colors. 
Decorative as well as preservative. 

"R. I.W." Flintox 

Makes concrete floors hard as flint. The best product 
for chemically hardening and dust-proofing a floor that 
contains moisture or that has not entirely set. Prevents 
abrasion and renders floors resistant to oil and grease. 

44 R. I. W." Cement Colors 

Dry colors for cement floors, stucco work, bridges, 
swimming pools and other cement construction. 

44 R. I. W." Liquid Konkerit Primer and 
Liquid Konkerit (Patented) 

Cement paints, ready for use, for damp-proofing, 
beautifying and overcoming the natural porosity of 
stucco, concrete and masonry walls. Also used on 
interior of such walls and on plaster, as a decorative 
finish. White and colors. 

44 R. I. W." Flex-Sicco Ready Mixed Paint 

A paint for exterior and interior use where the true 
economy of paint that endures is appreciated. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



020 536 007 4 




7flX£ME»r 

March 26, 1907 

March 3 1,1908 

November 22, 1910 

June 18,1912 



100 LBS. 

"MANUFACTURED BY- 

MHSIB 

320 FIFTH AVE. 

NEW YOB* 

ESTABLISHED 1848 

FACTORIES 

lr jm ISLAND CITY, «• J-..M 

l °ND0N.ENC. and TORONTO, CA^ 



Distributed by 



A 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



020 536 007 4 * 



